Dados do Trabalho

Título

INSOMNIA AND SLEEP DISRUPTION IN A PRIMARY CARE FACILITY IN THE CITY OF SÃO CARLOS, SP

Introdução

Sleep is crucial for health, with disorders like insomnia and sleep apnea causing significant impairments. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and impact of insomnia during Sleep Week 2024, a nationwide campaign supported by the Brazilian Association of Sleep, focusing on attendees of a Family Health Unit (USF) in São Carlos-SP, Brazil.

Objetivo

To screen for insomnia and sleep disruption and assess their potential impact on the target population.

Métodos

This cross-sectional study included 40 participants from USF COHAB in suburban São Carlos, SP. Data collection involved self-created questions and validated questionnaires, including the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), with a threshold score of >15 indicating insomnia. Participants rated their sleep quality on a Likert scale (0 to 10). Data were recorded in Excel 2013 and analyzed using IBM SPSS 25.0, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Student’s T-test was used for statistical analysis.

Resultados

Among 40 respondents (31 women, 9 men; mean age: 42.3 years), 19 (47.5%) met the ISI criteria for insomnia. A strong negative correlation was found between ISI scores and self-reported sleep quality (r = -0.727, p < 0.001), persisting even after excluding those with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) (N = 15, r = -0.816, p < 0.001). A weak negative correlation between ISI and age (r = -0.324, p < 0.05) was not significant when EDS participants were excluded. No significant correlations were found between ISI scores and other variables, including BMI, cervical circumference, and weekly physical activity. Participants waking up three or more times per night had significantly higher ISI scores (mean ISI = 15.13; SD = 5.05) compared to those who did not (mean ISI = 10.28; SD = 6.19) (t(38) = -2.56, p < 0.05). Those rating their sleep as 7 or higher had significantly lower ISI scores (mean ISI = 7.78; SD = 5.18) compared to those rating their sleep lower (mean ISI = 15.64; SD = 4.52) (t(38) = 5.12, p < 0.001).

Conclusões

Waking up more than three times per night and self-rating sleep quality below 7 were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of insomnia. These findings highlight the importance of addressing sleep issues in primary care. We recommend including assessments of sleep fragmentation and perceived sleep quality in routine screenings for sleep disorders.
Acknowledgments: We thank the Brazilian Sleep Association for providing materials and resources that enabled this research.

Palavras -chave

insomnia, sleep week, sleep disruption, primary care