Dados do Trabalho

Título

SLEEP AND OUTCOMES OF MENTAL HEALTH IN HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN FULL-TIME CLASSES

Introdução

Sleep habits of adolescents starting classes in the morning are associated with poor sleep quality, sleep deprivation, irregular sleep times and social jetlag. This is associated with greater daytime sleepiness and symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression.

Objetivo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation of sleep quality, social jetlag, sleep debt and daytime sleepiness with symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression in high school adolescents enrolled in full-time classes.

Métodos

Participated 140 adolescents (15.9 ± 0.9 years-old - F: 85; M: 45), with classes starting from 7:30 am to 5:00 pm, answered the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21. The analysis was carried out using Qui-square test for the characterization of the sample and a multiple linear regression with sleep quality, social jetlag, sleep debt and daytime sleepiness as predictors of stress, anxiety and depression.

Resultados

In the sample, 71% of students presented poor sleep quality (X²=24; p<0,001), 88% presented excessive daytime sleepiness (X²=80; p<0,001) and most of the sample showed some degree of symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression (normal: S=41%; A=34%; D=26%; mild: S=15%; A=9%; D=14%; moderate: S=21%; A=23%; D=31%; severe: S=13%; A=11%; D=18%; extremely severe: S=11%; A=24%; D=11%; p<0,001). The degree of association between the predictors and response variable was 40% (R=0.40) for stress (adjusted R²=0.14); 39% (R=0.39) for anxiety (adjusted R²=0.13); and 40% (R=0.40) for depression (adjusted R²=0.13). Only sleep quality and daytime sleepiness predicted higher levels of symptoms of stress (sleep quality: β=0.21; p<0.01; daytime sleepiness: β=0.29; p<0.001), anxiety (sleep quality: β=0.21; p<0.01; daytime sleepiness: β=0.27; p<0.01) and depression (sleep quality: β=0.28; p<0.001; daytime sleepiness: β=0.21; p<0.01).

Conclusões

Therefore, worse sleep quality and higher levels of daytime sleepiness seem to have a greater negative impact than social jetlag and sleep debt on stress levels and mental health. Furthermore, daytime sleepiness seems to have a greater impact on symptoms of stress and anxiety, while sleep quality would have a greater impact on symptoms of depression in high school students enrolled in full-time classes. Additional studies need to be carried out to further clarify these associations.

Palavras -chave

sleep debt; sleep quality; social jetlag; daytime sleepiness; stress