Dados do Trabalho

Título

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER SYMPTOMS, SLEEP QUALITY, AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS IN SCHOOL-AGED ADOLESCENTS

Introdução

Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) is a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint and associated structures, characterized by symptoms such as orofacial pain, mandibular locking, and noise. The etiology is multifactorial, with an increased prevalence associated with factors such as trauma, postural characteristics, neuromuscular factors, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and depression. Literature highlights the impact of emotional factors on TMD development, with anxiety potentially leading to the development of parafunctional habits and muscle hypertrophy. In addition to emotional factors, sleep quality has also been studied as a factor influencing TMD, showing a bidirectional relationship where pain can affect sleep and poor sleep quality can exacerbate pain.

Objetivo

To analyze the association between TMD symptoms, sleep quality, and anxiety symptoms in school-aged adolescents.

Métodos

This is an observational, cross-sectional study conducted with school-aged adolescents from the public education system in Recife (PE). The sample consisted of adolescents of both sexes, aged 14 to 19 years, regularly enrolled in high school. Adolescents undergoing any form of treatment for orofacial pain or anxiety were excluded. Data collection involved the administration of the following questionnaires: Sociodemographic, Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (Axis II), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Data were tabulated and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 27. The association between categorical variables was evaluated using Pearson's Chi-square test with a significance level of 5%.

Resultados

The sample comprised 200 students, with a majority being female (54.5%) and aged between 14 and 16 years (56.5%). Among the participants, 84% reported poor sleep quality, 82% exhibited anxiety symptoms, and 32% showed TMD symptoms. A significant association was observed between TMD symptoms and poor sleep quality (p = 0.003), but no association was found between TMD symptoms and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.165).

Conclusões

TMD symptoms were associated with poor sleep quality, indicating that the likelihood of having TMD symptoms was 5.5 times greater for adolescents with poor sleep quality.

Palavras -chave

Sleep, Temporomandibular Disorder, Anxiety, Adolescents.