Dados do Trabalho

Título

Assessment of the Ru-SATED Questionnaire for Evaluating Sleep Quality in Adults with Severe Asthma Using Biologics

Introdução

The Ru-SATED questionnaire is a practical tool for evaluating sleep quality. Despite its extensive validation, including in the Brazilian population, its use in individuals with severe asthma undergoing biological treatment is limited.

Objetivo

To determine the effectiveness of the Ru-SATED questionnaire in assessing the sleep quality of adults with severe asthma using biologics.

Métodos

A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to July 2024. The local Ethics Committee approved the research project (#40853020.9.0000.5257). Severe asthma patients using biologics who completed the Ru-SATED instrument and underwent a home sleep apnea test were included. A ratio of 1:2 was used to compare the sample of severe asthma patients with a randomly selected control sample. Chronic insomnia was defined as experiencing at least one of the following nocturnal symptoms: difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up earlier than expected, on at least 3 nights per week for a minimum of 3 months. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to determine the severity of insomnia. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) diagnosis was based on the respiratory event index ≥ 5.0/h. Two-tailed statistical tests were performed using the chi-square test (categorical variables) and the Mann-Whitney test (continuous variables).

Resultados

The study included 129 individuals (43 with severe asthma and 86 controls). Patients with severe asthma had significantly lower Ru-SATED scores than controls: 7.0 points (interquartile range [IQR]: 5.0-9.0) versus 8.0 points (IQR: 6.0-10.0); p = 0.021. The prevalence of chronic insomnia was significantly higher in patients with severe asthma than in controls: 53.5% versus 38.4%; p = 0.030. Individuals with chronic insomnia had significantly lower Ru-SATED scores than those without chronic insomnia: 6.0 points (IQR: 5.0-8.0) versus 9.0 points (IQR: 7.0-10.0); p < 0.001. There was no significant difference in the ISI scores between patients with severe asthma and controls (p = 0.418). Prevalence of OSA was significantly higher in the control group than in severe asthma patients: 77.9% versus 58.1%; p = 0.024.

Conclusões

Compared to controls, severe asthma patients had poorer sleep quality as assessed by the Ru-SATED, in addition to a higher incidence of chronic insomnia and a lower prevalence of OSA. These findings suggest that their poorer sleep quality is associated with the presence of chronic insomnia rather than the occurrence of OSA.

Palavras -chave

Sleep quality; Asthma; OSA