Dados do Trabalho

Título

EPWORTH SLEEPINESS SCALE AND POLYSOMNOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE - A CORRELATION STUDY IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

Introdução

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, the second most common among the elderly, and the leading cause of parkinsonism. It affects approximately 1% of the population over 60 years of age and 4 to 5% of those over 85 years old.

The presence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) in PD can impact quality of life by increasing daytime sleepiness and negatively influencing both the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease.

Sleep disorders are observed in more than 90% of patients with PD, including Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) and REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder (RBD). The assessment of excessive sleepiness is conducted using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). This scale comprises 8 items that measure the propensity for sleep in various everyday situations.

Objetivo

To correlate the data from the Epworth Sleepiness Scale with the results of the type 1 polysomnography exam.

Métodos

The study is an observational cross-sectional study that lasted 12 months. The sample comprises patients from the Movement Disorders outpatient clinic at a reference hospital. Individuals with a diagnosis of dementia were excluded from the study. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under Certificate of Ethical Appreciation Presentation No. 58684622.2.0000.0007.

Resultados

Of the 18 individuals studied, 8 (44.4%) did not exhibit sleepiness according to the ESS, with 5 (62.5%) diagnosed with Primary Snoring, 2 (25.0%) with mild OSA, and 1 (12.5%) with moderate OSA. Among the 10 (66.6%) who did exhibit sleepiness, 3 (30.0%) had Primary Snoring, 1 (10.0%) had Primary Snoring with RBD, 4 (40.0%) had mild OSA, 1 (10.0%) had moderate OSA, and 1 (10.0%) had severe OSA.

Upon analysing the ESS findings, 56.0% were positive for sleepiness, which is consistent with some findings in the literature. Previous studies have already reported the impact of daytime napping and the increased risk of developing PD, suggesting that daytime sleepiness may represent one of the earliest non-motor symptoms of PD.

Conclusões

Among the individuals who underwent PSG, there was a high incidence of EDS as indicated by the ESS, with only a minority being diagnosed with some degree of OSA. This highlights the importance of PSG in defining the diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving the quality of life for patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Palavras -chave

Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Parkinson Disease; Sleep; Pharynx; Inflammation