Dados do Trabalho

Título

SOCIAL JETLAG AND OBESITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ADULT MEN AND WOMEN

Introdução

Recent studies have shown that the presence of social jetlag (SJL), a term that refers to the misalignment between biological and social rhythms, can contribute to an increased risk of obesity, as well as complications inherent to it. SJL seems to compromise the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle, especially behaviors related to eating habits, physical activity and meal times, favoring the development of different metabolic diseases.

Objetivo

To evaluate the relationship between SJL and obesity in adult men and women.

Métodos

Cross-sectional study carried out between March 2017 and 2020, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). SJL was calculated by the midpoint of sleep on free days, adjusted for excess sleep time, and the midpoint of sleep on work days. Participants were categorized into two groups: those with SJL of up to one hour and those with SJL of more than one hour. Obesity was assessed by calculating the body mass index (BMI), using weight and height information self-reported by the participants and then categorized as presence (BMI≥30 kg/m²) or absence of obesity (<30 kg/m²). Multivariate binary logistic regression was carried out, stratified by gender and adjusted for age, schooling and poverty income index, to verify the relationship between the SJL and obesity. The ethics review board (ERB) approval protocol number is 2018-01.

Resultados

Among the 4,390 individuals evaluated, the majority had completed or were in the process of completing higher education (62.3%), 47.5% had a medium-poverty income index, 51.4% were female and the average age was 47.2 years (95%CI: 45.9-48.6). In addition, 39.4% were obese and 14.0% were on SJL. In the multivariate analysis, individuals with SJL were 47.0% more likely to be obese (OR:1.47; 95%CI:1.04-2.06). When the analysis was stratified by sex, it was found that women with SJL were 86.0% more likely (OR:1.86;95%CI:1.33-2.62) to be obese, while there was no significant difference in men (OR:1.13;95%CI:0.67-1.89).

Conclusões

Individuals with SJL are more likely to be obese, especially women after stratification by sex. This study highlights the importance of considering biological and social rhythms when formulating health strategies to combat obesity.

Palavras -chave

Sleep; Jet Lag; Obesity; NHANES.