Dados do Trabalho

Título

Effectiveness of intravenous infusion of 1000 mg of ferric carboxymaltose in adults with Restless Legs Syndrome

Introdução

Iron deficiency has been linked to the pathophysiology of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), and iron supplementation, both oral and intravenous, is a common therapeutic approach. However, the effectiveness of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in Restless Legs Syndrome remains questionable.

Objetivo

The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of 1000 mg of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in patients presenting Restless Legs Syndrome.

Métodos

This systematic review followed the guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 Protocol. The bibliographic search was based on the following databases: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Articles evaluating the effectiveness of intravenous infusion of 1000 mg of ferric carboxymaltose in adults with RLS were included. The study's main outcome is to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment on RLS symptoms.

Resultados

Of the 536 studies found in the electronic databases, 227 were duplicates, resulting in 309 articles. Of these, 14 were included in the systematic review. The main results are: (1) In the study by Trenkwalder et al. which included 110 patients, it was observed that treatment with ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) showed a non-significant improvement over placebo regarding the International Restless Legs Syndrome Severity (IRLSS) scale score at week 4; however, it reached significance at week 12, with a treatment difference of -4.66 [95% CI, -8.59 to -0.73]; p = 0.021. (2) Another study by Mancher et al. with 176 participants showed that iron supplementation significantly improved the severity of symptoms related to RLS, fatigue, and sleep quality (p < 0.001) in iron-deficient blood donors.(3) Meanwhile, Cho et al., in a study involving 64 participants, investigated the effect of ferric carboxymaltose and observed significantly greater improvements compared to baseline in IRLSS and visual analog scale (VAS) scores at week 6 compared to the placebo group (IRLSS: -11.9 ± 8.04 vs. -7.88 ± 5.89, p = 0.03; VAS: -40.6 ± 22.7 vs. -21.3 ± 20.0, p = 0.001).

Conclusões

This study indicates that intravenous infusion of 1000 mg of ferric carboxymaltose in individuals with restless legs syndrome improves clinical outcomes. However, further large-scale studies are required to determine subgroups of patients who may benefit most from ferric carboxymaltose treatment for restless legs syndrome.

Palavras -chave

Restless Legs Syndrome, ferric carboxymaltose, iron deficiency.