Dados do Trabalho

Título

CPAP TREATMENT FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA DECREASES MORTALITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Introdução

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent syndrome with several cardiovascular ramifications. Among the forms of treatment, the indication of continuous positive pressure (CPAP) devices in the upper airways has been strongly recommended and is considered the gold standard of therapy. Scientific evidence has shown that obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Considering that obstructive sleep apnea can be a factor that aggravates and is directly associated with events and comorbidities that can have a mortality outcome, it is necessary to verify, through a systematic review, whether the scientific evidence from clinical studies shows that the Treating obstructive sleep apnea with CPAP reduces mortality.

Objetivo

The study aims to verify, through a systematic review of a clinical trial, whether the use of CPAP has an influence on the reduction of mortality in adult individuals with obstructive sleep apnea.

Métodos

Its methodology consists of a systematic review of a clinical trial that includes scientific articles indexed in the PubMed, Scielo and PEDro databases, published between 2013 and 2023, in English and Portuguese, available in full and which is designed experimental studies of clinical trials with the use of CPAP for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in adults where the impact of treatment on mortality outcomes is evaluated.

Resultados

We selected 5 studies totaling 6205 participants, including mortality at the primary endpoint in patients with OSA. CPAP treatment may be insufficient to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with very severe OSA, but when looking at patients who received intensive CPAP support there were significant improvements in quality of life scores and a 45% lower hospitalization and mortality rate in the group of intensive support than in the standard support group. In addition to beneficial effects such as improved quality of life, drowsiness and other symptoms of OSA.

Conclusões

Considering that CPAP is the mainstay of therapy for moderate to severe OSA, analysis of outcomes between groups with CPAP, usual care, intensive support, and with varying degrees of OSA severity from the reviewed studies confirms that CPAP treatment plays an important role in improving quality of life, reducing daytime sleepiness, and decreasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with comorbid OSA and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease.

Palavras -chave

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Mortality